Relationship between Environmental Sanitation and PHBS and the Incidence of Stunting among Toddlers Aged 12–59 Months

Authors

  • Aulia Dwi Wulandani Kemenkes Poltekkes Semarang, Indonesia
  • Krisdiana Wijayanti Kemenkes Poltekkes Semarang, Indonesia
  • Rafika Fajrin Kemenkes Poltekkes Semarang, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33992/jik.v13i2.4835

Keywords:

Stunting, Environmental Sanitation, PHBS.

Abstract

Stunting remains a significant public health issue in Indonesia, as its national prevalence exceeds WHO standards. Purworejo Regency, located in Central Java, is among the areas prioritized for poverty and stunting reduction efforts. This research aimed to analyze the correlation between environmental sanitation, Clean and Healthy Living Behavior (PHBS), and stunting among children aged 12–59 months within the Grabag Health Center area. Using a quantitative case-control design, the study involved 104 respondents, consisting of 52 cases and 52 controls. Data were analyzed using the chi-square test and odds ratio (OR). he findings demonstrated a significant link between environmental sanitation and stunting (p < 0.05, OR = 6.296), indicating that children residing in unhygienic surroundings were over six times more likely to experience stunting. A significant association was also found between poor PHBS and stunting (p = 0.000, OR = 10.360), indicating a tenfold increased risk. Based on these findings, it is recommended that health workers, particularly midwives, collaborate with posyandu (integrated health post) cadres to enhance parental knowledge through education on the importance of proper environmental sanitation and PHBS, in order to protect children from stunting and related health risks.

Author Biographies

Aulia Dwi Wulandani, Kemenkes Poltekkes Semarang

Midwifery Department

Krisdiana Wijayanti, Kemenkes Poltekkes Semarang

Midwifery Department

Rafika Fajrin, Kemenkes Poltekkes Semarang

Midwifery Department

References

UNICEF/WHO/WORLD BANK. Levels and trends in child malnutrition UNICEF/WHO/ World Bank Group Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Key Findings of the 2021 edition. 2021;1–32. Available from: https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240025257

Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia. Regulation of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia Number 2 of 2020 Concerning Anthropometric Standards for Children. 2020;

Hasanah S, Handayani S, Wilti IR. The relationship between environmental sanitation and the incidence of stunting in toddlers in Indonesia (Literature Study). J Occup Saf Health Environ. 2021;2(2):83–94.

Nurhidayah, Soerachmat Y, Nengsih S. The relationship between clean and healthy living behavior (PHBS) and the incidence of stunting in toddlers in the working area of Bambang health center, Mamasa Regency. J Peqguruang Conf Ser. 2022;4 (2):787–91.

Lestari DP, Sari DK. Overview of clean and healthy living behavior (PHBS) in families who have toddlers with stunting in the working area of Mojolaban health center. J Ilm Researcher Mandira Cendikia. 2023;1(2):75–87.

Kencanawati NN, Yunara E, Pavita LT. Socialization of environmental sanitation hygiene in the context of reducing stunting rates in Jenggala Village, Tanjung District, North Lombok Regency. Abdi Insa. 2020;7(2):185–93.

Anggriani GD. Application of PHBS values in households in Sungai Bangkong Village, Pontianak City. Sociology Education Study Program, FKIP Untan Pontianak. 2018;

Apriani L. The relationship between mother's characteristics, the implementation of nutrition-aware family (KADARZI), and healthy and clean living behavior (PHBS) with the incidence of stunting. J Public Health. 2018;6(4):1–8. Available from: http://ejournal3.undip.ac.id/index.php/jkm

Sumarni S, Oktavianisya N, Suprayitno E. Exclusive breastfeeding is associated with stunting in toddlers in Mandangin Island, Sampang Regency. J Ris Hesti Medan. 2020;5(1):39–43. Available from: https://jurnal.kesdammedan.ac.id/index.php/jurhesti/article/view/174

Astuti NI, Martanti LE, Ariyanti I. Basic and applied research the maternal nutrition and knowledge level in stunting children. J Midwifery Sci Basic Appl Res. 2020;2(2):33–7.

Ministry of PPN/Bappenas. Guidelines for the implementation of integrated stunting reduction interventions in districts/cities. Nas Action Plan in Order to Reduce Stunting. 2018;(November):1–51. Available from: https://www.bappenas.go.id

Notoatmodjo S. Health promotion and health behavior. Jakarta: Rineka Cipta; 2019.

Zalukhu A, Mariyona K, Andriyani L. The relationship between environmental sanitation and the incidence of stunting in children aged 0-59 months in Nagari Balingka, IV Koto District, Agam Regency in 2021. J Ners Univ Pahlawan. 2022;6(1):52–60. Available from: http://journal.universitaspahlawan.ac.id/index.php/ners/article/view/3867

Mia H, Sukmawati S, Abidin U wusqa A. The relationship between hygiene and environmental sanitation and the incidence of stunting in children under five in Kurma Village. J Peqguruang Conf Ser. 2021;3(2):494.

Ahmad ZF, Nurdin SSI. Stunted children in Gorontalo District. J General Science and Health Aisyiyah. 2019;4(2):93.

Aprizah A. The Relationship between maternal characteristics and clean and healthy living behaviors (PHBS) in the household with the incidence of stunting. Jksp. 2021;4(1):2021.

Agustini RT, Permana L, Nurrachmawati A. Strengthening the capacity of posyandu cadres regarding PHBS as an Effort to prevent stunting at the Mahakam River border. Journal of Service to the People of the Archipelago. 2023;4(3):2081–9. Available from: http://ejournal.sisfokomtek.org/index.php/jpkm/article/view/1332%0Ahttps://ejournal.sisfokomtek.org/index.php/jpkm/article/download/1332/962

Downloads

Published

2025-10-31

Issue

Vol. 13 No. 2 (2025): Jurnal Ilmiah Kebidanan (The Journal of Midwifery)

Section

Article

Citation Check

License

Authors who publish with Jurnal Ilmiah Kebidanan (The Journal of Midwifery) retain the copyright of their work and grant the journal the right of first publication.

The article is simultaneously licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License, which permits others to share, copy, distribute, and adapt the work for any purpose, provided that appropriate credit is given to the author(s) and the original publication in this journal is acknowledged.

Authors may enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the published version of the article (for example, posting it to an institutional repository or including it in a book), provided that the original publication in this journal is properly acknowledged.

Authors are also permitted and encouraged to post their work online (for example, in institutional repositories or on personal websites) before and during the submission process. This practice can facilitate scholarly exchange and may lead to earlier and increased citations of the published work.

Similar Articles

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.