Anti-inflammatory activity of Neem leaves (Azadirachta indica L.) extract in wound healing of diabetic rat model

Abstract

The use of commercially available anti-inflammatory drugs in the treatment of diabetic ulcers is relatively expensive and has side effects. However, addressing both inflammation and epithelialization during the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers is an important step, but current treatment options are limited. Neem leaf extract in combination with VCO has potential as an alternative therapy, but further research is needed regarding the correct dose. The aim was to evaluate the effect of Neem leaf extract in combination with VCO on IL-6 levels on wound healing in diabetic rats. This research is true experimental with a post-test only control group design. Conducted on 25 white mice divided into 5 groups: P1, P2, and P3 contain 5%, 10%, and 15% of Neem leaf extract, respectively. Povidone iodine was utilized as a positive control and physiologic saline NaCl 0.9% as a negative control. The grouping of subjects was carried out randomly. Data were normally distributed by using Shapiro Wilk, which shows the p value in each group > 0.05. The average wound diameter in the P1 is 3.79 mm, P2 is 3.01 mm, and P3 is 3.80 mm. The highest reduction of IL-6 from day 4 to day 14 was shown in the P2 group (43.80%). There was a significant difference in the effectiveness of treatment groups compared to negative and positive control. Significant values were obtained in IL-6 levels on day 4 with a p value of 0.003 (p > 0.05) and on day 14 with a p value of 0,046 (p > 0.05).It concluded that Neem leaf extract in combination with VCO at 10% concentration has an effect on wound healing through a decrease in IL-6 levels on day 14.