Hubungan Perilaku Kebersihan Gigi dan Mulut dengan Kejadian Gingivitis pada Siswa Kelas XI SMK Gandhi Usada Bali Tahun 2026

Abstract

Gingivitis is an inflammatory condition of the gingival tissues that is closely associated with dental plaque accumulation and may be influenced by oral hygiene behavior. Adolescents are vulnerable to gingivitis because of hormonal changes and suboptimal oral health practices. Schools provide a strategic setting for oral health promotion and preventive programs.This study aimed to determine the relationship between oral hygiene behavior and gingivitis among eleventh-grade students at Gandhi Usada Bali Vocational High School in 2026.This analytical observational study used a cross-sectional design. The study population consisted of all 32 eleventh-grade students at Gandhi Usada Bali Vocational High School, and all students were included using the total sampling technique. Gingival status was assessed using the Löe and Silness Gingival Index (GI), while oral hygiene behavior was assessed using a structured questionnaire and categorized as good, moderate, or poor. Univariate analysis was performed using frequency and percentage distributions. Bivariate analysis was conducted to determine the association between oral hygiene behavior and gingivitis. Because some expected cell frequencies were low, Fisher's Exact Test was used. Statistical significance was set at α = 0.05. Results Of the 32 students, 27 (84.4%) had gingivitis and 5 (15.6%) had healthy gingiva. The proportion of gingivitis was descriptively higher among male students (88.2%) than female students (80.0%). Most students had moderate oral hygiene behavior (43.8%), followed by poor behavior (31.2%) and good behavior (25.0%). Among students with good oral hygiene behavior, 4 (50.0%) had healthy gingiva and 4 (50.0%) had gingivitis. Among those with moderate behavior, 1 (7.1%) had healthy gingiva and 13 (92.9%) had gingivitis. All students with poor oral hygiene behavior had gingivitis (100%). Fisher's Exact Test indicated a significant association between oral hygiene behavior and gingivitis Conclusion: Oral hygiene behavior was associated with gingivitis among eleventh-grade students at Gandhi Usada Bali Vocational High School in 2026. These findings highlight the importance of strengthening oral health promotion and preventive programs through education, oral hygiene behavior development, and regular dental examinations in school settings.